UNEMPLOYMENT : CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND REMEDIES.

Unemployment is usually defined as having no work or sometimes a work that does not bring money. Money drives life and buys the requirements without which it is difficult or impossible. But this money ,as the saying goes, does not grow on trees , it is the outcome of hard work and sweat. Unemployment has turned out a serious problem that does not subside rather exceeds with growing future. People suffer due to this problem. Their life is discontent and disturbing. They foil to make two ends meet. what are its causes? what are its consequences? and what are its remedies? these things need to be dealt profoundly so that one can handle with this issue successfully.

the question that pesters every scholar is what is employment actually and can any person really be unemployed. If the above definition is considered that it is having  no work. Do you think anyone can be doing no work? is it possible? no it is not possible. one way or other way, everyone is doing something either bringing money or not. Hence, can we say that no one is unemployed. Can we say all are doing something. yes, but the problem is that the definition of unemployment varies. some believe that one is employed only if he does something and is being remunerated for it in terms of money but there are people who believe that doing something even that does not bring remuneration in terms of money is also employment. In that sense , no one is actually unemployed. No one is jobless. for instance,. a person reads and increases his knowledge. A person serves his old or impaired parents or a person serves his community like the great people who served others like Mother Teresa , like M.K Gandhi or others. Can we call these people unemployed. No they are not. they also do their jobs although not paid in monetary terms.  Even their work is worthier than the jobs bringing millions of rupees. these jobs are worthier than other monetary jobs. Everything can be measured in monetary terms. money can not be a scale to call something employment or unemployment. therefore, in one sense no one is unemployed. No one is jobless. No one is idle and without work. without employment. without job.

If we assume that the concept of employment exists, what can be the causes of this unemployment? there are and may be multiple causes of this concept but due to less scope , we can talk about few of them that are somehow often cited by scholars and intellectuals.

few of the causes are written about below;

1, Illiteracy is the main cause of unemployment. those who , due one reason or another, fail to receive good education fail to attain good jobs in their lives. they are not hired by employers because of having no degrees. Education[not all institutes] prepares people for  various professions which they choose and settle down. But unfortunately those who remain illiterates, they remain unemployed. they want skills and proficiencies that could earn them jobs. 

2, Not all but most of the educational institutes do not emphasize on skill based learning. In this rat race age, skills dominate the world. the skills to operate machines. skills to deal with the world of internet. people lack demanding skills that keeps them behind and they lag behind becoming victims of this grave problem, unemployment. the knowledge that does not equip us to work practically in life is the main reason of unemployment. knowledge from books that is theoretical, does not invite attention in the modern world. we are governed by computer, the machine that has created wonders . those who hold profound knowledge of computers earn by leaps and bounds. these skills can easily earn us a job anywhere in the world or online world offers millions of opportunities where one can earn and survive comfortably. therefore, one reason behind unemployment is the lack of skill based knowledge.

3, Underdevelopment : Underdeveloped countries are not in a position to generate as many jobs as necessary. their employment- generating- resources are not enough. people of that country do not have jobs due to the poor performance of the country. Matters are messed up when people are qualified for different jobs but jobs are not available for them. some , having resources, fly to foreign countries and try their lots there but majority suffer under such governments and remain unemployed life long. such countries are often seen bankrupt and the brains from such countries  go abroad and work there instead. these countries become poor not only economically but intellectually as well. 

consequences:

1,suicides: Unemployment directly results in huge number of suicides. People who don`t have jobs to make their lives easy end up  committing suicides. If suicide rate is to be receded, more and more employment is to be generated. life is not an easy entity. if one fails to manage the necessities of life, he or she will , after being disappointed and alienated, end his or her life. Numberless people die every year due to committing suicides. 

2, poverty: If people of the country are jobless, they will not contribute to the GNP and GDP of the country making it poor and underdeveloped.  the standard of life is also poor . unemployment results in poverty. employment of the people reduces the poverty of one`s country and unemployment increases it to extremes.

3, Drug Addiction: unemployment leads to drug addiction. unemployed youth resort to various drugs that distracts them from the sorrows of life. After meeting disappointment everywhere, failing to begin any business, they indulge in crimes like drugs, thefts, burglary , hooliganism etc.

Remedies: 

1, small business units should be opened in which less skilled and less experienced people can work and earn their livelihood. common masses should be engaged in small business so that these people do not indulge in various heinous crimes. Different training programs should be launched in which people can be trained to work in the small firms and industries.

2, modification of educational system: Educational systems should be directed to stress on skill based education that can prepare students for various professions. such skilled students can easily get jobs after finishing their studies. 

3, Government should offer business loans to people so that they can establish their own business units. this process will recede unemployment to greater extent. people will become self reliant and country`s development will increase at greater rate.

WHAT IS LITERATURE?

 What is literature?

Literature can not be interpreted in any one specific way. Its definitions vary from person to person. Different people especially readers differ while giving definitions of literature. 

Literature is a body of written works. But recently oral literature was also incorporated into it. Works or books whether fictional or non fictional make up literature.

simply literature can be defined as a reflection of an age. it draws out the prevailing issues of an age and offers their solutions. writers cater to the predicaments that prevail in the age and try to resolve them . literature does not exclude any dimension of the age. it includes social, economical, political, moral and other aspects of the society. these writers are outcomes of their age. they are highly affected by their ages. their themes and motifs are offered to them by their times they live in. but this does not mean literature is bound and does not transcend the limits of its age. it is timeless and its themes apply to all the times to come. this is the reason Shakespeare has been called the writer for all ages.

literature preserves the intellectual lineage of an age. one can know the intellectual developments of an age by reading its literature. Developments in science, art, culture, morality and other things can be known by the literature of that age. Aristotle, Galileo, Newton, Einstein , Hawking and others have recorded the scientific progress of their respective age. we read them to know  what things were going on in their times. 

The better way to understand literature is to understand its few of the most momentous characteristics;

1. Humanization .

2. Perfect version of life.

3. Immortality.

4. Universality.

The primary feature of literature is that it hold the power of humanization. While reading literature like novels, dramas and poems, one undergoes the modification of behavior. Ones manners improve. One becomes temperate. Although, there are characters who are not drawn morally and ethically acknowledgeable but they also mend ones behavior because no one wants to have the same fates as they have due to their corrupted behavior .we learn best behaviors from reading the best character- characters.

The second characteristic of literature is that it reflects perfection. Perfection in characters who seek their dreams and obtain them. The perfection of dealing with enigmatic situations and attaining control over them. Fighting the hardest battles and coming out victorious from them. Literature is delighting because of this feature. Everyone wants and longs for perfection in practical life but never obtains it. For these people literature works wonders. It solaces them. Makes their life bearable when they see perfect world drawn in novels ,dramas and poems. Literature acts as a hope and  optimism for them.

The third characteristic of literature is immortality. Stories never die. Characters never die. Literature is immortal. Shakespeare writes in  sonnet 18 ;

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see

So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

Writers died centuries ago but we still read them. Applaud them and remember their stories. Literature transcends time. It is timeless and eternal.

The fourth characteristic of literature is that it is universal. Themes dealt in literature are universal. Everyone is  impressed by  it. Everyone appreciates it. Everyone feels his untold story is told by some writer. For instance; reading a novel, “I too had a love story” may appear to you that it is your love story being narrated. Those women who are forced by circumstances to opt for prostitution to realize their dreams may feel the novel, “Eleven Minutes” has been written about them. 

INTRODUCING MYSELF.

GOOD AFTERNOON.

SALAMUN ALAIKUM.

My name is Fida Hussain Bhat. I hail from Kashmir, India. I pursued masters in English literature. currently, i work as an English teacher. I began blogging to discuss literature on this wider platform to wider audience. If you are as ardent about literature as i am , your visit to my blog will not go without learning that i promise. the blog will have topics about the diverse trends of literature.

To demonstrate your enthusiasm regarding literature , i expect your valuable comments and feedbacks. your suggestions will be  highly applauded and an instant acting upon them is promised.

thanking you.